A male Potamites montanicola   Researchers have discovered a new species of lizard in the Peruvian Andes, whose males sport beautiful colors, according to a paper in ZooKeys. The highest-dwelling known species of the genus Potamites, the new lizard, dubbed Potamites montanicola, was found in forest streams at 1,500 to 2,000 meters (4,900 to 6,500 feet). The species was discovered as apart of a biodiversity monitoring program by COGA, a Peruvian fossil fuel company.
\"The first specimen of Potamites montanicola was caught in the morning by Karla Garcìa (an herpetologist of our team) when she was walking back to the camp, at the ending of the surveys, the lizard was crossing a trail very close to a creek in mountain forests,\" German Chávez, who co-authored the paper, told mongabay.com.
To date the lizard, whose name means \"mountain inhabitant\", has been found in the Cordillera de Vilcabamba and Apurimac River Valleys, but its range is believe to be fragmented. Chávez says the new species may be endangered, but \"more surveys are necessary in more places to confirm the distribution and population status, the population in the type locality looks healthy, the stream where this population is located looks good too.\"
The discovery, according to Chávez, provides more questions than answers, including how the lizard survives in streams significantly colder than its nearest relatives, which are found in the Amazon lowlands. In addition, the researchers believe that the lizard may be nocturnal. It has been found seeking shelter under rocks during the day, but at night it has been observed running and swimming.
\"We cannot confirm this yet, but, if this is true, we have great questions about the biology of this lizard,\" Chávez says, adding that, \"this reptile and others recently described from mountain or pre-mountain forests offer a new view point about the Andean reptile richness in Peru, many amphibian have been described in the last years but very few reptiles. This is a proof of the great diversity of reptiles in my country.\"