Leaders from the world’s top economies have broadly agreed at a summit in China to coordinate macroeconomic policies and oppose protectionism, but few concrete proposals emerged to meet growing challenges to globalization and free trade.

The two-day gathering in the scenic Chinese city of Hangzhou agreed to oppose protectionism, with Chinese President Xi Jinping urging major economies to drive growth through innovation, not just fiscal and monetary measures.
“We aim to revive growth engines of international trade and investment,” Xi said in a closing statement. 
“We will support multilateral trade mechanisms and oppose protectionism to reverse declines in global trade.”
Discussions at the meeting were distracted by North Korea test-firing three medium-range ballistic missiles in a defiant reminder of the risks to global security.
North Korea has tested missiles at sensitive times in the past to draw attention to its military might. But Monday’s launch risked embarrassing its main ally Beijing, which has gone to extraordinary lengths to ensure a smooth summit meeting in Hangzhou.
Beijing said it hoped relevant parties would avoid taking any actions that would escalate tensions. The US called the launch reckless, while Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe told US President Barack Obama that it was unforgivable.
On other fronts, the US tried but failed to finalize a deal with Russia for a cease-fire in Syria on the sidelines of the summit.
Obama and Russian President Vladimir Putin had a longer-than-expected discussion about whether, and how, they could agree on a deal, a senior US administration official said.
But in talks earlier on Monday, US Secretary of State John Kerry and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov were unable to come to terms on a cease-fire for the second time in two weeks, although they will meet again this week.
The G20 called for the formation of a global forum to take steps to address steel excess capacity and encourage adjustments, the White House said in a statement, one of the controversial issues discussed at the summit.
China produces half the world’s annual output of 1.6 billion tons of steel and has struggled to decrease its estimated 300 million ton overcapacity, and rising prices have given companies there an incentive to boost production for export.

ISOLATIONIST TREND

With the summit taking place after Britain’s vote in June to exit the European Union and before the US presidential election in November, G20 leaders had been expected to mount a defense of free trade and globalization and warn against isolationism.
Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump, who supports protectionist trade policies, has pulled into an effective tie with Democratic rival Hillary Clinton, erasing a substantial deficit.
In Germany, Chancellor Angela Merkel’s party was relegated to third place behind an anti-immigrant party in a regional election on Sunday.
“I’m very unsatisfied with the outcome of the election,” Merkel said in Hangzhou.
“Obviously it has something to do with the refugee question. But I nevertheless believe the decisions made were right and we have to continue to work on them.”
One of the few areas where there was progress was in protecting the environment.
China and the US ratified the Paris agreement on cutting climate-warming emissions on the eve of the G20 summit, setting the stage for other countries to follow suit.
British Prime Minister Theresa May, attending her first G20 summit, said governments needed to “do more to ensure that working people really benefit from the opportunities created by free trade.”
“This discussion goes to the heart of how we build an economy that works for everyone.”
International Monetary Fund Managing Director Christine Lagarde, speaking after the summit, also said more inclusive growth was a priority in the global economy.
“We need increased growth, but it must be better balanced, more sustainable, and inclusive so as to benefit all people,” she said.
It is the last time that Obama will be attending the G20 summit, and his visit to Hangzhou got off to a chaotic start.
There was no rolling staircase provided for Air Force One when it landed and Obama had to disembark from an exit in the plane’s belly. Then, a Chinese security official blocked National Security Adviser Susan Rice on the tarmac and yelled at another US official trying to help journalists get closer to Obama.
China levelled responsibility at the US and journalists for the fracas. Obama told reporters he “wouldn’t over-crank the significance” of the airport events.
When he left China on Monday, he boarded Air Force One via a full-sized staircase provided by Hangzhou International Airport.

Source: Arab News